Net-zero emissions occur when the amount of greenhouse gases emitted into the atmosphere is balanced by an equivalent amount removed - either through natural processes, or technological solutions.
The energy sector, heavy industries, and transport account for the largest shares of global emissions, primarily through fossil fuel combustion and industrial processes.
Pathways to achieving net-zero
Transitioning to renewable energy sources like solar and wind, improving energy efficiency, and adopting clean technologies are critical strategies for reducing emissions.
The role of carbon offsets
Carbon offsets allow organisations to compensate for residual emissions by funding projects that reduce or remove carbon elsewhere, such as reforestation or renewable energy initiatives, however measuring the true magnitude of carbon reduction for nature-based schemes is challenging.
The importance of negative emissions technologies
Negative emissions technologies, like Direct Air Capture and Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS), actively remove CO2 from the atmosphere but are not yet widely deployed at scale.
Corporate net-zero commitments and roadmaps
Many companies are setting net-zero targets which require development of detailed roadmaps to reducing emissions across their operations and supply chains.
The role of governments in setting net-zero targets
Governments play a vital role by establishing binding net-zero targets, creating supportive policies, and driving international collaboration on climate action.
Financing the net-zero transition
Financial mechanisms like green bonds and climate funds help to mobilise the capital needed for low-carbon infrastructure and innovation.
Challenges in decarbonising certain sectors
Sectors like cement production and aviation face unique challenges, due to technical limitations and high costs, requiring tailored solutions and innovative approaches.
The social and economic implications of the net-zero transition
The transition to net-zero will create opportunities for green jobs, but will also pose challenges for communities dependent on fossil fuel industries, necessitating a just transition.
Tracking and reporting progress toward net-zero
Transparent metrics and reporting frameworks are crucial for monitoring progress and holding organisations accountable to their net-zero commitments.
There are many different facets to reducing emissions to make achieving net-zero possible - this is a very complex challenge that requires wide boundary systems thinking.
We support companies in developing meaningful, technically-supported ESG and emissions strategies.
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